Understanding Hallux Rigidus (Stiff Big Toe)

What is Hallux Limitus/Rigidus?

• Progressive arthritic condition

• Affects big toe joint

• Begins as hallux limitus

• Progresses to hallux rigidus

• Results in joint deterioration including:

• Cartilage loss

• Joint space reduction

• Bone spur formation

• Joint enlargement

Common Symptoms

• Big toe joint pain during walking
• Joint swelling
• Movement limitation
• Difficulty bending toe
• Altered walking pattern
• Footwear fitting challenges

Causes and Risk Factors

• Often develops between ages 35-65

• Contributing factors include:

• Poor foot mechanics

• Previous toe trauma

• Genetic predisposition

• Gout

• Rheumatoid arthritis

• Overuse injuries

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical Approaches

• Custom orthotic therapy

• Appropriate footwear selection

• Manual therapy including:

• Dry needling

• Low level laser

• Ultrasound

• Daily stretching routines

• Pain management medications

Surgical Intervention

• Considered when:

• Significant loss of motion

• Persistent pain

• Non-surgical treatments fail

• Function severely impaired